Electrical Safety: Importance of the Switchgear in distribution networks.
- Grupo Edmar
- Oct 20
- 4 min read
October 20, 2025 - Electrical Safety: Importance of Switchgear in distribution networks.
Electrical Safety: Importance of the Switchgear in distribution networks.
Electrical safety is a topic that cannot be taken lightly. In a distribution network, each component plays a key role, but few are as crucial as the switchgear. Although at first glance it may seem like a simple element, this device is responsible for isolating, protecting, and ensuring the safety of technical personnel during electrical operations or maintenance work.
In this article, we'll explore why the switchgear is so important, how it's classified, its role in service continuity, and what best practices should be followed to ensure it performs its function safely and efficiently.
What is a switchgear and what is it used for?
A switchgear is a mechanical device used to open or isolate an electrical circuit when no current is flowing. Unlike circuit breakers or circuit breakers, switchgear do not interrupt current under load ; they are used once the circuit has been de-energized.
Its main function is to ensure visible insulation that allows safe work on a line, transformer, or distribution cell. This physical insulation is vital, as it prevents the risk of residual energy or leakage currents that could cause electrical accidents.
For example, in a medium-voltage substation, switchgear are used to isolate a cell or transformer before performing maintenance. The operator can visually see that the circuit is open, providing confidence and safety during the operation.
The importance of the switchgear in electrical safety.
The disconnector is one of the most critical points in any distribution network , as it allows for physical disconnection between energized parts and parts requiring maintenance. This means that even if a fault occurs elsewhere in the system, the switchgear ensures that the affected area remains completely isolated .
From an operational point of view, it also helps to protect technical personnel , as it prevents the manipulation of live equipment. In industrial installations or medium voltage networks, its use is mandatory according to international regulations, precisely because its function reduces the risk of electric arcs or unintentional discharges .
A properly installed and visible switchgear generates operational confidence and becomes an indispensable element of the electrical safety chain.
Types of switchgear most commonly used in distribution networks.
There are various types of switchgear on the market, designed to adapt to environmental conditions, voltage levels, and specific applications. The most common are listed below:
Outdoor switchgear: Mainly used on overhead lines and outdoor substations. They are exposed to weather conditions, so they are manufactured with corrosion-resistant materials and high levels of insulation. They allow direct visual isolation of the circuit.
Indoor switchgear: They are installed in distribution cells or electrical panels. These devices are protected from environmental factors and usually operate manually or electrically.
Grounding switches: These incorporate an additional position that allows the circuit to be grounded, ensuring that no residual voltage remains. They are widely used in industrial systems where personnel safety is a priority.
Motorized or automatic switchgear: These allow remote operation via electrical control. They are ideal for modern medium-voltage networks, where rapid response to faults or power outages is required.
Load-break switches: Although they can technically open circuits with moderate loads, they incorporate arc-extinguishing chambers to do so safely. They are common in compact switchgear and urban distribution systems.
Each type responds to a different need, but all comply with the essential principle: safely isolating parts of the electrical system .
How the switchgear prevents electrical accidents.
The purpose of the switchgear is not only technical, but also human : to protect lives. Electrical accidents in distribution networks often occur due to switching errors, lack of insulation, or unintentional energization . The switchgear drastically reduces these situations by providing visible physical separation.
Specific examples of prevention:
When replacing a faulty transformer, the switchgear ensures that the line is completely disconnected.
In a substation, it allows a damaged cell to be isolated without having to shut down the entire network.
In industrial maintenance, avoid residual current discharges by using the switchgear grounding point.
Thanks to this, the switchgear becomes a safety barrier between personnel and electrical power sources, helping to comply with international standards for labor protection and electrical reliability.
Recommendations for a Safe Installation.
The installation of a switchgear should not be improvised. It must follow clear technical procedures and comply with the manufacturer's specifications and current electrical standards. Some essential recommendations are:
Suitable location: It must be installed in an accessible location, free of obstacles and with sufficient space to maneuver.
Voltage Check: Ensure that the switchgear is designed for the system voltage and current level (e.g., 13.2 kV, 23 kV, or 34.5 kV).
Visible opening: The design must allow the operator to clearly see the separation of the contacts.
Correct insulation: Check that the insulators do not have cracks or surface contamination.
Firm connections: Avoid loose connections, as they can cause overheating.
Reliable grounding: On models that include it, grounding continuity must be tested before each use.
Switchgear Maintenance: Key to its Reliability.
A disconnector can remain in service for years, but that doesn't mean it doesn't require maintenance. Preventive maintenance is essential to prolong its lifespan and ensure proper operation.
Recommended activities:
Visual inspection: detect signs of corrosion, cracks in insulators or dust accumulation.
Contact cleaning: Dirt or oxide can increase contact resistance.
Lubrication of mechanisms: ensuring smooth, blockage-free movement.
Continuity and insulation resistance tests: help identify potential electrical leaks.
Checking motorized systems: In the case of automatic switchgear, check the correct operation of the motor and control.
Proper maintenance not only prevents failures, but also protects your investment and ensures safe operation throughout the equipment's lifespan.
Edmar Group and its commitment to electrical safety.
At Grupo Edmar we understand that a safe distribution network depends not only on good design, but also on the use of reliable and high-quality equipment , such as transformers, switchgears and protection systems. Our experience in the manufacture of electrical transformers has allowed us to work closely with medium and high voltage systems, where safety and insulation are key factors. We promote the correct installation and preventive maintenance of all electrical components to guarantee efficiency, safety and durability in each project.
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