Types of Switchgear and How to Select the Right One for Your Project.
- Grupo Edmar
- Aug 21
- 3 min read
Updated: Aug 22
August 21, 2025 - Switchgears.
What is an Switchgear and Why is it Essential?
An switchgear, is a device that allows an electrical circuit to be opened or closed, ensuring visible isolation for maintenance or repair work. Unlike circuit breakers, switchgear do not interrupt load currents; their primary function is to safely isolate sections of the electrical system.
Main functions: Safe isolation of system sections for maintenance.
Operational safety , avoiding electrocution accidents.
Equipment protection during repair work.
Common applications:
Electrical substations
Distribution networks
Industrial facilities.
Power transmission systems.
Types of Switchgear
Switchgear are classified according to their design, operating voltage, and application. The main types are listed below:
Low Voltage (LV) Switchgear: Used in residential, commercial or industrial installations with voltages ≤ 1,000 V. Examples include knife switchgear and three-phase switchgear.
Medium Voltage (MV) Switchgear: Designed for voltages between 1 kV and 36 kV. Commonly used in substations and public distribution networks, they can be rotating pole, pantograph, or with vertical blades.
High Voltage (HV) Switchgear: Used in high voltage transmission systems and substations with voltages above 36 kV. They include center-break, double-break, pantograph, and rotating column models.
Fuse Switchgear : These incorporate fuses for additional protection against overloads and short circuits. They are common in low- and medium-voltage installations.
Grounding Switches: These allow disconnected parts of the circuit to be grounded, ensuring that there is no electrical potential present during maintenance.
Telescopic Switchgear (Pantograph): They use a scissor-type mechanism that provides reliable insulation while taking up little space, ideal for high-voltage substations.
Key Factors for Selecting the Right Switchgear.
When choosing a switchgear for your project, consider:
Nominal Voltage: Must match the operating voltage of your system.
Rated Current: Ability to handle the maximum expected current without overheating.
Opening Type: Lateral, vertical or central, depending on the available space.
Number of Poles: Single-phase or three-phase, depending on your system configuration.
Environmental Conditions: Temperature, humidity and exposure to corrosive agents.
Type of insulation: Solid, SF6 gas or air, depending on the needs of your installation.
Medium Voltage Switchgear: Options and Applications.
Medium-voltage Switchgear are essential in electrical distribution networks. They are divided into:
Indoor Use: Installed in enclosed spaces, they often include fuses for additional protection.
Outdoor Use: Designed to withstand harsh weather conditions, some models include fuses for added safety.
These devices allow sections of the system to be isolated for maintenance without interrupting the power supply to other areas.
Fuse Switchgear: Integrated Protection.
Integrating fuses into the Switchgear provides an additional layer of protection against overloads and short circuits. They are especially useful in installations where additional protection is critical.
Advantages:
Additional protection against power failures.
Reducing space by combining functions.
Greater safety for operators and equipment.
Considerations for Installations in Confined Spaces.
In projects with limited space, it's crucial to select compact, easy-to-install switchgear. Models such as side-opening or telescopic switchgear are ideal.
Recommendations:
Evaluate the available space before selecting equipment.
Opt for compact models that offer the same functions.
Consider ease of maintenance and access to the equipment.
At Grupo Edmar, we have extensive experience in electrical solutions. We offer personalized advice to help you select the right disconnect switch for your project, guaranteeing quality and safety. Furthermore, our products meet international standards, ensuring reliable performance for your electrical installations.
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